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Intermediate Back Muscles Anatomy
Intermediate Back Muscles Anatomy
The intermediate layer of the back muscles includes two paired muscles: serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior. These muscles extend from the spine to the ribs and help move the rib cage during breathing.
Serratus Posterior Superior
Serratus Posterior Superior
The serratus posterior superior is a thin, rectangular muscle located deep to the rhomboids in the upper back. It elevates ribs 2–5, helping with inhalation.
The serratus posterior superior is a thin, rectangular muscle located deep to the rhomboids in the upper back. It elevates ribs 2–5, helping with inhalation.
Origin: From the lower part of the nuchal ligament and the spinous processes of vertebrae C7–T3.
Insertion: Attaches to the upper borders of ribs 2–5.
Innervation: Supplied by the intercostal nerves (T2–T5).
Serratus Posterior Inferior
Serratus Posterior Inferior
The serratus posterior inferior is a broader, stronger muscle found beneath the latissimus dorsi in the lower back. It depresses ribs 9–12, aiding exhalation.
The serratus posterior inferior is a broader, stronger muscle found beneath the latissimus dorsi in the lower back. It depresses ribs 9–12, aiding exhalation.
Origin: From the spinous processes of vertebrae T11–L2 (sometimes up to L3).
Insertion: Attaches to the lower borders of ribs 9–12.
Innervation: Supplied by the intercostal nerves (T9–T12).
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References
References
Gray, H. (2009). Anatomy of the human body, part 2 (LibriVox Volunteers, Narr.) [Audiobook]. LibriVox. https://librivox.org/anatomy-of-the-human-body-part-2-by-henry-gray/ (Original work published 1858)
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